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The Chimpanzee Theorem

by | mei 7, 2024 | Advice, Insights, Management

The Chimpanzee Theorem describes metaphorically how corporate cultures can emerge and persist, even when the original reasons for certain rules or habits are no longer relevant or known. This thought experiment demonstrates how behavioral patterns can continue without the underlying reasons being understood.

The Chimpanzee Theorem:

Place 20 chimpanzees in an enclosed room. Hang a banana from the ceiling and place a ladder underneath it, such that the banana can only be reached via the ladder. Install a system that sprays the entire room with ice-cold water whenever a chimpanzee climbs the ladder. As a result, the chimpanzees quickly learn that using the ladder is undesirable.

Then turn off the sprinkler system, so climbing the ladder no longer results in a cold shower. Replace one of the chimpanzees with a newcomer. When this new chimpanzee tries to climb the ladder to reach the banana, it is firmly corrected by the others, without knowing why. The group thus maintains the learned behavior, even though the original reason (the cold water) has disappeared.

Repeatedly replace chimpanzees with new ones. Every time a newcomer tries to climb the ladder, they are confronted by the group, where interestingly, the most recent addition often reacts most aggressively. This shows how new members of a group often become the strongest enforcers of rules they don’t understand themselves. Continue this process until all original chimpanzees have been replaced.

At this point, no chimpanzee will try to climb the ladder anymore, and if anyone dares to try, the group will intervene. What’s remarkable is that none of the chimpanzees now knows why avoiding the ladder is the norm. They simply follow ‘how we do things here.’

This metaphor aptly illustrates how certain practices, rules, and habits can persist in organizations long after the original reasons for them have been forgotten or are no longer relevant. It shows how corporate culture can solidify into ’this is just how we do things here’ without anyone knowing or questioning the underlying reasons.

This is how a corporate culture emerges.

 

Het chimpansee theorema beschrijft op een metaforische wijze hoe bedrijfsculturen kunnen ontstaan en voortbestaan, zelfs als de oorspronkelijke redenen voor bepaalde regels of gewoonten niet langer relevant of bekend zijn. Dit gedachtenexperiment toont aan hoe gedragspatronen zich kunnen voortzetten zonder dat de onderliggende redenen nog begrepen worden.

Het Chimpansee Theorema:

Zet 20 chimpansees in een afgesloten kamer. Hang een banaan aan het plafond en plaats er een ladder onder, zodanig dat de banaan alleen via de ladder bereikt kan worden. Installeer een systeem dat de hele kamer besproeit met ijskoud water zodra een chimpansee de ladder beklimt. Als gevolg hiervan leren de chimpansees al snel dat de ladder gebruiken ongewenst is.

Schakel daarna het sproeisysteem uit, zodat de ladder beklimmen geen koude douche meer oplevert. Vervang een van de chimpansees door een nieuwkomer. Wanneer deze nieuwe chimpansee probeert de ladder te beklimmen om bij de banaan te komen, wordt hij door de anderen stevig gecorrigeerd, zonder dat hij weet waarom. De groep handhaaft zo het aangeleerde gedrag, ook al is de oorspronkelijke reden (het koude water) verdwenen.

Vervang herhaaldelijk chimpansees met nieuwe. Elke keer als een nieuwkomer de ladder probeert te beklimmen, wordt hij door de groep aangepakt, waarbij opvallend genoeg de meest recente toevoeging vaak het meest agressief reageert. Dit laat zien hoe nieuwe leden van een groep vaak de sterkste handhavers worden van regels die ze zelf niet begrijpen. Ga door met dit proces totdat alle oorspronkelijke chimpansees vervangen zijn.

Op dit punt zal geen enkele chimpansee nog proberen de ladder te beklimmen, en indien iemand het toch waagt, zal de groep ingrijpen. Wat opmerkelijk is, is dat geen van de chimpansees nu nog weet waarom de ladder vermijden de norm is. **Ze volgen simpelweg ‘hoe we het hier doen’.**

Deze metafoor illustreert treffend hoe in organisaties bepaalde praktijken, regels en gewoonten kunnen blijven bestaan, lang nadat de oorspronkelijke redenen ervoor zijn vergeten of niet meer relevant zijn. Het toont aan hoe bedrijfscultuur zich kan verharden tot ‘zo doen we dat hier nu eenmaal’ zonder dat iemand de onderliggende redenen nog kent of bevraagt.

Zo ontstaat een bedrijfscultuur.

 

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